甘地夫人_综合百科

甘地夫人(1917～1984年)

Gandhi, Indira (Priyadarshini)，原名Indira Priyadarshini Nehru。

印度总理（1966～1977、1980～1984）。印度民族主义领袖尼赫鲁的独生女。曾在西孟加拉国际大学和牛津大学求学。1942年与国民大会党员费罗兹.甘地（卒於1960年）结婚。1959年当选为党主席，但属於荣誉性质，1966年才取得实权，当时她成为国大党的党魁，後来成为总理。她实施了一些改革政策，包括为控制生育而进行大规模的绝育。1971年12月印度军队击败巴基斯坦而导致成立孟加拉国。1974年她监管了锡金的合并。1975年因违反选举法而被宣判有罪，她乃宣布国家进入紧急状态，把政治对手关入监狱，并通过许多限制个人自由的法律。在1977年的大选中她惨败，但在1980年重掌政权。1984年为报复锡克教分离主义者的暴力活动，她派军攻击锡克教的重要朝圣中心金寺，造成450多人死亡。後来她被自己身边的锡克教护卫刺杀身亡。

English version：

1917～1984年

Gandhi, Indira (Priyadarshini)

Prime minister of India (1966-77, 1980-84). The only child of Jawaharlal Nehru, she studied in India and at Oxford University. In 1942 she married Feroze Gandhi (died 1960), a fellow member of the Indian National Congress. In 1959 she was given the largely honorary position of party president, and in 1966 she achieved actual power when she was made leader of the Congress Party and, consequently, prime minister. She instituted major reforms, including a strict population-control program. In 1971 she mobilized Indian forces against Pakistan in the caus(七大洲八大洋都有哪些？七大洲包括：欧洲、亚洲、非洲、大洋洲、南极洲、北美洲、南美洲；八大洋分别是：西太平洋、北太平洋、南太平洋、北印度洋、南印度洋、北大西洋、南大西洋、北冰洋。)e of East Bengal's secession. She oversaw the incorporation of Sikkim in 1974. Convicted in 1975 of violating election laws, she declared a state of emergency, jailing opponents and passing many laws limiting personal freedoms. She was defeated in the following election, but she returned to power in 1980. In 1984, in response to Sikh separatist violence, she ordered an army attack on the Golden Temple, the holiest Sikh shrine, which resulted in over 450 Sikh deaths. She was later shot and killed by her own Sikh bodyguards in revenge.